英语的时态和语态

  关于时态与语态,从刚开始学英语就已经接触到,考生应该都比较熟悉。但是,需要注意掌握以下几个要点:

英语的时态和语态
  (一)某些动词一般不能用于进行时,也不用于完成进行时.
  1.表示感知的动词:hear, feel, notice, recognize, see, taste, smell.

  2.表示意愿、情感的动词:desire, dislike, forgive, hate, like, love, prefer, refuse, want, wishfear,love,hate;.

  3.表示思考、看法的动词:believe, doubt, expect, forget, hope, feel, mean, know, agreerealize,mind,recall,recollect,remember,trust,suppose.

  4.表示所有、占有的动词:belong to, owe, own, possess, hold .

  5.其他动词:cost, appear, concern, contain, consist, deserve, matter, seem.

  (二)不用will/shall表达将来时.
  1. be going to,表示现在的打算和意图;
  2. arrive, come, drive, go,leave, retire, return, set off, start, take off等表示移位的动词,其进行体表示按计划肯定要发生的将来动作.

  3. be to (do ),表示安排、计划、决定、命令或注定要发生的事;例如:
  ►Greater efforts to increase
  假如想要避免粮食短缺
  ►agricultural production must be made if food shortage is to be avoided.
  必须加大力气进行农业生产。

  4. be about to (do),表示“将要(做)”:例如:
  ►Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about to pay compliments to his political leaders.
  马林是一个具有独立思考能力的年轻人,他不会阿谀奉承他的领导。

  5. be on the point of ( doing),表示“马上就要”,一般不与表示将来的时间状语连用:

  6. be, begin, come, depart, get off, go, leave, return, start,其一般现在时表示按日历或时刻表要发生的将来动作或事件;例如:
  ►If you want your film to be properly processed,you'll have to wait and pick it up on Friday,which is the dayafter tomorrow.
  假如你想让你的胶卷顺利冲洗,你就必须等到周五再来取,也就是后天。

  (三)完成时是时态考查的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语.
  1·当by/between/up to/till+过去时间,since/by the time/when+表示过去发生情况的从句时,主句用过去完成时;例如:
  ►We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
  当一位老人来到门前时,我们刚刚吃完早饭。
  ►Between 1897 and 1919,at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had beenproduced.
  在1897到1919年间,共有29部包含人造生物的动画片出现。

  2.当by+将来时间,by the time /when+一般现在时的从句时,主句用将来完成时;例如:
  ►By the time you arrive in London,we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.
  当你到达伦敦时,我们已经在欧洲停留两周了。
  ►I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.
  我希望当我们明年回来时,她的健康状况将大大改善。

  3.当by now/since+过去时间,in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/months/days时,主句用现在完成时。但在it is+具体时间since/before这一句型中,主句一般不用完成时;例如:
  ►The changes that have taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completelyimpossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.
  在过去的六十年中,航空旅行发生了翻天覆地的变化,这些变化对于19世纪为出色的科学家来说都是难以想象的。
  ►It is four years since John left school.
  约翰已经离开学校四年了。

  4.在It is the+序数词/形容词高级+that的定语从句中,谓语动词常用现在完成时;例如:
  ►It isn't the first time that I have found myself in an embarrassing situation.
  这已经不是我第一次发现自己处于一种尴尬的境地了。

  5·在no sooner... than... , hardly/scarcely... when/before…句型中,主句常用过去完成时;

  6·其他与完成时连用的时间状语:all this while, all this year, for some time, so far, already,before,just,long,yet等。

以上是由广州文都教育小编为您整理的英语的时态和语态的全部内容。
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