一、简单句：
英语中只由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫简单句。它的五种基本句型结构分别是：
1、主语+谓语（不及物动词）（SV型）
The rain stopped.They are talking.
2、主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语（SVO型）
Children often sing this song.
My mother is watching TV.
3、主语+连系动词+表语（SVP型）
The book is new.
Betty looks very beautiful.
4、主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语（SVID型）
I'll by him a new watch.
She showed me all her pictures.
5、主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语（SVOC型）如：
We often heard them laugh.
John told me to do that again
二、定语从句：
通常皆放在它所修饰的名、代词之后，这种名、代词就叫做先行词。引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词表示的）汉语中常用“…的”表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
1. The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.
整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。
2. Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds two thirds of whom are women.
我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。
3. Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.
那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。
4. The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.
你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀！
5. My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.
我的家人都是音乐爱好者，今晚将去看电影。
三、状语从句
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
1.Tears was running down her face while she talked.
2.She came in when i was dinning.
3.The audience gave a round of applause as he ended his speech.
4.He will get promoted for his hard working.
5.Theory has value because it indicates the direction for practice.
6.We set out so early that we could reach there before the noon.
三、状语从句
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
1.Tears was running down her face while she talked.
1 她说话时，泪水直流（while）
2.She came in when i was dinning.
2 我正在吃饭的时候，她进来了。（when）
3.The audience gave a round of applause as he ended his speech.
3 他结束讲话的时候，听众掌声雷动。（as）
4.He will get promoted for his hard working.
4 他将得到提升，因为他工作干得好（for）
5.Theory has value because it indicates the direction for practice.
5 理论之所以有价值，是因为它能给实践指出方向（because）
6.We set out so early that we could reach there before the noon.
6 为了正午以前赶到那里，我们很早就动身了（so that）
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