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英语语法感官动词的用法

感官动词表示人的感官动作,可作完全及物动词或不完全及物动词,下面小编告诉你英语语法感官动词的用法,大家一起来看看吧!
英语语法感官动词的用法:
一、look, sound, smell, taste, feel,这五个动词均可作连系动词,后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为"看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……"。除look之外,其它几个动词的主语往往是物,而不是人。
例如:
These flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。
The tomatoes feel very soft.这些西红柿摸起来很软。
英语语法感官动词的用法
二、这些动词后面也可接介词like短语,like后面常用名词。
例如:
Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。
三、这五个感官动词也可作实义动词,除look(当"看起来……"讲时)只能作不及物动词外,其余四个既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词,此时作为实义动词讲时其主语一般为人。(和1有区别)
例如:
She smelt the meat.她闻了闻那块肉。
I felt in my pocket for cigarettes.我用手在口袋里摸香烟。
四、taste, smell作不及物动词时,可用于"taste / smell + of +名词"结构,意为"有……味道/气味"。
例如:
The air in the room smells of earth.房间里的空气有股泥土味。
五、它们(sound除外)可以直接作名词,与have或take构成短语。
例如:
May I have a tasteof the mooncakes?我可以尝一口这月饼吗?
taste有品位,味道的意思
例: I don't like the taste of the garlic. 我不喜欢大蒜的味道。
She dresses in poor taste.她穿着没有品位。
look有外观,特色的意思
例:The place has a European look.此地具有欧洲特色。
feel有感觉,感受的意思
六、其中look, sound, feel还能构成"look / sound / feel + as if +从句"结构,意为"看起来/听起来/感觉好像……"。
例如:
It looks as if our class is going to win.看来我们班好像要获胜了.
感官动词 + doing/to do 的用法:
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do  表示动作的完整性,真实性;+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
典型例题
1)They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow  B. grew  C. was growing  D. to grow
答案:A。因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用see sb do sth 的句型。
2)The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing  B. to be playing  C. play  D. to play
答案A. 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用see sb. doing sth句型。
感官动词可用于进行时态吗:
首先要明确的是,进行时态主要只用于表示有意识的动作。而英语中的所谓的感官动词有些是有意识的动作,有些是无意识的动作。所以,有意识的感官动词,可以有进行时态;而是无意识的感官动词,则不用于进行时态。
1. 表示有意识地使用感官的动词如gaze, listen, look (at), observe (=watch), stare, watch等可用于各种进行时态。如:
She was gazing at him with a soft, contented smile on her face. 她注视着他,脸上带着温柔而满足的微笑。
Anybody who’s listening will get the drift of what he was saying. 任何一个在专心听的人都会领悟他所说的大意。
We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found one we like yet. 我们一直在看房子,但还没有找到一所我们喜欢的。
He’d been observing her the whole trip. 他整个旅途中都在观察她。
The entire family was staring at him, waiting for him to speak. 全家人都盯着他,等着他说话。
The police have been watching the house for three days. 警察连续3天在监视那所房子。
2. 表示感觉(不由自主的无意识动作)的感官动词,如hear, see, feel, smell, taste等,则通常不用于进行时态。如:
This medicine tastes horrible. 这药难吃极了。
I feel quite confident about the future. 我对未来充满信心。
That smells nice—is it for lunch? 那东西闻着很香啊——是不是午饭要吃的?
但是,当这些动词不是表示不由自主的无意识动作时,则可以用于进行时态。比较:
Why are you smelling the meat? Is it bad? 你为什么闻这肉? 有味了吗?
Does the meat smell bad? 这肉有味了吗? (不能说:Is the meat smelling bad?)
I’m just tasting the cake to see if it’s OK. 我只不过尝尝这块蛋糕,看能吃不能吃。
The cake tastes wonderful. 这蛋糕味道好极了。(不能说:The cake’s tasting wonderful.)
感官动词被动句主补可以用现在分词么:
感官动词,主动省略TO 接不定式作宾语补足语,主动加TO
结构如下:
【1】hear sb do sth 听见某人做了某事
She heard someone come in just now.
【2】sb be heard to do sth 某人被听见做了某事
Someone was heard to come in just now.
【3】hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事
We hear Mary singing in the room.
【4】sb be heard doing sth 某人被听见正在做某事
Mary is heard singing in the room.
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