托福写作二选一题型

托福独立写作是托福重要的考试内容，但是正如口语一样，写作这项纯输出的考试内容对于中国学生来讲也是一个难题。不同于阅读、听力，如果没有一个完善的写作逻辑，托福写作非常可能失分。那么独立写作如何破题、构思呢?今天，就来为你讲解独立写作的破题思路。

今天开始，从思路及结构出发，蔡蔡将会按照题型分类，跟大家分享独立写作常见题型的解法，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

独立写作题型的分类方法仁者见仁智者见智，但通常可以分为利弊类与事实类。利弊类题目中通常含有should, need, the best, the only, the most等，建议该不该做某事;事实类通常含有is, can等，给出一个现象，问是不是如此。前者属于价值判断，侧重利弊分析，后者属于现象证明，可以分析成因或个例证明。这两大类若再细分，通常分为二选一题型，三选一题型，绝对化题型，今昔对比题型，比较类题型(虽然不能囊括所有，但能覆盖多数题目)。蔡蔡将会逐一讲解这几大题型。

二选一题目

二选一题目题干呈现形式多为：Which do you prefer:A or B? ; Some believe A, while others claim B. Which do you prefer?不论是哪种形式，该类题目包含两个观点A和B，需要进行利弊权衡，在两者中选其一支持。

如：

Would you prefer a higher pay job with longer work time or an average pay job with normal work time.

Some people believe that when busy parents do not have a lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is to have fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is best to use that time doing things together that are related to schoolwork.

推荐成文结构

1.一边倒论证

一边倒论证也就是针对总观点给出两个或三个分论点，每个主体段充分论证一个分论点。但值得注意的是：对于二选一题型，采用一边倒论证时，一定要进行段内对比。不能只提及所支持方，对反对方只字不提，否则在task achievement不够全面，未有效阐明和覆盖题目。

若选择立场为A，则文章布局为：

开头段

主体段1(A的好处1，对比B)

主体段2(A的好处2，对比B)

[主体段3(A的好处3，对比B)]

结尾段

2.让步论证

让步论证是指用两个主体段论证支持方的利处，一个主体段对反对方进行让步。

开头段

主体段1(A的好处1)

主体段2(A的好处2)

让步段(与B让步)

结尾段

1.Would you prefer a higher pay job with longer work time or an average pay job with normal work time.

立场：平均薪资&正常工作时长

一边倒论证

主体段1：身心压力小(be physically and mentally rewarding/conducive/beneficial)。相比之下，长时间工作不利于身心健康。(undermine/threaten/jeopardize health)

主体段2：可支配时间多(the freedom to allocate time)，用来丰富生活(enrich life)。相反，长时间工作占用休闲时间(occupy/deprive leisure time)，生活单调无趣(repetitive & tedious)。

让步论证

主体段1：身心压力小(be physically and mentally rewarding/conducive/beneficial)

主体段2：可支配时间多，用来丰富生活。

主体段3让步：的确高薪能够提高物质生活水平，但幸福感通常源于和睦的家庭、友谊及内心的充实，这些都不能用钱衡量。(we work to live, not live to work. The source of happiness derives/stems/springs from bonds with family and friends)

2.Some people believe that when busy parents do not have a lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is to have fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is best to use that time doing things together that are related to schoolwork.

为了帮助大家熟悉托福独立写作题型，为大家带来托福独立写作题型之2选1题目一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。

2选1的题目，也是独立写作最常见的题型。这种题目最大要点就是，如果有两个观点A和B，在选择了一个观点如A以后，一定要跟没有选择的观点B进行对比，而不能只是说A的好处，而不提及B。

上图中这个题目：People who develop different skills are more successful than people who develop one skill only. 是有一个技能更容易成功，还是有多个技能更容易成功。个人觉得选择更多技能这个立场更好写一些：

首先，技能多的人有更多的晋升机会。例如一个在财务部门(accounting department)的会计(accountant)如果也有市场开发(marketing)的技能，那么在marketing department有职位空缺的时候，他就可以去申请，并有机会获得比之前职位更高的岗位(晋升promotion)。相反，如果一个人只会一个技能，比如accounting，那么就只能等到accounting部门有职位空缺时再申请，那么机会就会少很多。

其次，技能多的人不易被快速发展的科技所代替。例如，一个造手机的人，如果同时会修理汽车，那么当他修手机的工作某一天被自动生产线(automatic production line)所代替(replace)的时候，他能够轻松的在汽车维修厂找到一份工作，而不至于失业(become unemployed)。相反，如果同样那个人只会造手机，而没有别的技能，那么假如自己的工作被科技所替代，他就会失业。

【举一反三】

Would you prefer a higher pay job with longer work time or an average pay job with normal work time. 选择薪水高工时长的工作;还是薪水低工时短的工作。

这个题目如果我们选择工时短的工作，就能套用刚才用的一个理由，那就是利用空闲的时间学习去掌握别的技能，这样不会轻易被现代科技所替代。

When we see photographs of starving children, it’s hard to say that we should spend billions of dollars on space exploration. But that’s just what we should do. Children don’t need to be starving, but we do need to explore space. Right now, we have enough money to feed every person on Earth. Children are starving because of mismanagement of resources and simple human greed. Those are problems we can solve right here on earth. That shouldn’t stop our need to find out what’s beyond our own solar system.

We may never make contact with whatever other species there may be out there in space. Even so, there are still two very practical and positive consequences of space exploration. One is a certainty and the other is a possibility. The certainty is medical research. Yes, we can conduct research here on earth. But much of the research done in space, for example, on the effects of gravity on bone marrow, is making a difference in medicine here on Earth. When we do research in space, we also learn more about space exploration. Also, many of the inventions that were developed for space travel have been adapted to good use on Earth.

The possible consequence of space exploration is finding another planet human beings can colonize. Overpopulation is a huge problem on our planet. People are living longer, more healthful lives, and that’s a good thing. But it means there are fewer people dying and more people being born. Eventually we’ll have less space, fewer resources, and major distribution problems. If we can find another planet to live on, we can relieve the problems of overpopulation on our planet.

It’s a tragedy that there are human beings suffering on Earth. However, if we wait until everyone has a perfect life, we will never explore space—and that , too, would be a kind of tragedy.

I know there are advantages to living in a modern apartment, but I'd prefer to live in a traditional house. My reason is that I love traditional design. It's graceful and warm and inviting. I think modern design is very empty and sterile and not very inviting. So, because of the way it looks, I'd choose a traditional house.

I recognize the fact that a modern apartment is going to be in much better shape. Being new probably means all the plumbing works, the roof isn't going to leak, the windows are properly sealed, and the kitchen appliances are in working order. A traditional house can't guarantee any of that. In fact, it's likely that things will break down or need replacement, simply because of age.

Still, if the appliances are old, so is the wood, and that's a big advantage as far as I'm concerned. Very few new buildings have the kind of woods that were used years ago. It's something that can't be copied.

Space is always important to me, too. I need a lot of room for my home office, my clothes, and to display all the knickknacks I've picked up in my travels. I also like to have interesting space. I don't want all the rooms and windows the same size or a boxy design. A modern apartment usually comes in one size and shape. A traditional house is going to have a variety of spaces where I can put a little table or a window seat. And it will have lots of room, from basement to attic. These are all good reasons for me to prefer living in a traditional house.

Some people love modern design, but it's not for me. The space and beauty of a traditional home are more important to me than having everything new and perfect.