托福阅读十种题型

新托福考试十分重视对托福考生阅读能力的考查，并且托福考试不仅有单独的新托福阅读理解测试，还从各类型题全方位的考查考生的阅读理解能力。以下是小编为同学们整理的一篇关于托福阅读10大题型超强解析的文章，希望能够帮助同学们!

1.托福阅读的细节题(Factual Information)

解法：a. 提取题干中关键词定位原文段落中关键词所在的所有句子. 阅读定位句理解。c. 正确选项是正确定位句的同义转述或者同义改写。必须在意思上和语言逻辑结构上完全符合定位句。

细节的题的错误选项主要有以下几种：a. 该选项的全部或者局部出现了该段落根本就没有涉及的信息，概念，特有名词等等。b. 原文定位句没有出现比较级，最高级一类的语言现象，但是选项中出现了这种无端的比较。c. 选项中出现了定位句范围以外的信息，尽管这些信息在本段落中的确被完全提及。d. 选项中有某些形容词或者副词起到了加重语气从而使选项的叙述程度甚至方向发生了改变脱离原文语言风格叙述。

注意：做细节题必须定位，切忌凭自己阅读后的总体感觉不定位某句话而做题。

2. 托福阅读的事实否定题

解法：定位题干关键词回原文。正确选项应具备：a. 原文未提及的. 与原文叙述矛盾的;3. 当选项中同时出现看似未提及和明显矛盾的选项时，优先选择明显矛盾的选项。所以，在其他类型题目能作为正确选项的在这种题型中均是错误答案。

3. 托福阅读的推论题(Inference)

解法： 提取题干中的关键词回文定位所有出现关键词的句子，综合各句提取结论性的信息。该类信息通常不会被原文直接以字面意思表达出来，通常是言外之意。错误选项的特征与细节题的错误选项特征基本相同。一般对于推论题来说，更保险的方法是用排除法做题。

如果能排除3个错误选项，即使正确选项找不到定位点也可以把题目做出来。但是使用排除法前提是必须阅读理解到足够多的信息。这对阅读能力的要求是相对较高的。

4. 托福阅读的修辞题

解法：关键词回文定位。先阅读定位词所在的句子，然后读其下面的句子。如果发现后面在叙述中出现了两个事物，或者多个事物之间的比较，类比关系。则关键词所起的作用就是为了说明这种比较关系。正确答案是这种比较关系的结果，效果或所要说明的问题的现象本质。

5. 托福阅读的指代题(Reference)

解法：a. 把四个选项代入原文阅读翻译，翻译不同的就是错误答案。b. 代词的传递规则&mdashmdash;同一个事物可以在后面的数句话中用不同代词或同一个进行同一个概念上的表达--就近原则。

6. 托福阅读的词汇题(Vocabulary)

词汇题没有固定解法，词汇题的主旨就是考察应试者的词汇量。词汇题近来考察熟词辟意的趋势明显加大，所以大家在背单词的时候一定要有意识的积累和总结这种熟词辟意的词汇，并且要重点记忆这些辟意。

7. 托福阅读的句子简化题(Sentence Simplification)

解法：首先看原文标出的句子逻辑结构，并列，因果，让步转折，条件状语等等。正确选项必须符合这种逻辑结果所表达信息的完整性和逻辑性。如果有多个句子同时符合，则将这些选项中的主从句结构分别和原文标出的句子进行比较，不符合的排除。如果此时还有选项不能排除，则再通过阅读理解句子意思进行最后的选择。

8. 托福阅读的插入句子题(Sentence Insertion)

插入句的结构和句前有无指示代词。如有指示代词，则上一句话必须有这个代词所指代的正确对象出现。其次看插入句的结构。能不能承接下文。

9. 托福阅读的文章总结题(Prose Summary)

解法：阅读文章每段主题句，比对选项进行选择。排除明显的细节信息选项，然后剩下的就是正确选项。

正确选项特征：a. 正确选项必须与本题的引导句信息相关. 正确选项必须是文章中的重要信息&mdashmdash;通常是段落的主题句改写;c. 正确选项必须是原文中处于被其他论据或细节支持的信息。

错误选项特征：a. 原文中的细节信息一旦出现该选项必错。b. 出现了原文没有提及过的信息，该选项必错。c. 与原文叙述矛盾的选项必错。

10. 托福阅读的图表信息题(Fill In A Table)

解法：分别把选项中的信息定位回原文然后按照原文顺序进行分类入选。

错误选项特征：1. 原文中的细节信息一旦出现该选项必错。2. 出现了原文没有提及过的信息，该选项必错。3. 与原文叙述矛盾的选项必错。

托福阅读真题练习：美国移民的文本+题目+答案

托福阅读文本：

Matching the influx of foreign immigrants into the larger cities of the United States during the late nineteenth century was a domestic migration, from town and farm to city, within the United States. The country had been overwhelminglyrural at the beginning of the century, with less than 5 percent of Americans living in large towns or cities. The proportion of urban population began to grow remarkably after 1840, increasing from 11 percent that year to 28 percent by1880 and to 46 percent by 1900. A country with only 6 cities boasting a population of more than 8,000 in 1800 had become one with 545 such cities in 1900. Of these, 26 had a population of more than 100,000 including 3 that held more thana million people. Much of the migration producing an urban society came from smaller towns within the United States, but the combination of new immigrants and old American "settlers" on America's "urban frontier" in the late nineteenthcentury proved extraordinary.

The growth of cities and the process of industrialization fed on each other. The agricultural revolution stimulated many in the countryside to seek a new life in the city and made it possible for fewer farmers to feed the largeconcentrations of people needed to provide a workforce for growing numbers of factories. Cities also provided ready and convenient markets for the products of industry, and huge contracts in transportation and construction — as well asthe expanded market in consumer goods — allowed continued growth of the urban sector of the overall economy of the Untied States.

Technological developments further stimulated the process of urbanization. One example is the Bessemer converter (an industrial process for manufacturing steel), which provided steel girders for the construction of skyscrapers. Therefining of crude oil into kerosene, and later the development of electric lighting as well as of the telephone, brought additional comforts to urban areas that were unavailable to rural Americans and helped attract many of them from thefarms into the cities. In every era the lure of the city included a major psychological element for country people: the bustle and social interaction of urban life seemed particularly intriguing to those raised in rural isolation.

托福阅读题目：

1. What aspects of the United States in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Technological developments

(B) The impact of foreign immigrants on cities

(C) Standards of living

(D) The relationship between industrialization and urbanization

2. The word "influx" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) working

(B) processing

(C) arrival

(D) attraction

3. The paragraph preceding the passage most probably discuss

(A) foreign immigration

(B) rural life

(C) the agricultural revolution

(D) famous cities of the twentieth century

4. What proportion of population of the United States was urban in 1900?

(A) Five percent

(B) Eleven percent

(C) Twenty-eight percent

(D) Forty-six percent

5. The word "extraordinary" in line 12 is closet in meaning to

(A) expensive

(B) exceptional

(C) supreme

(D) necessary

6. The phrase "each other" in line 13 refers to

(A) foreign immigrants and domestic migrants

(B) farms and small towns

(C) growth of cities and industrialization

(D) industry and transportation

7. The word "stimulated" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

(A) forced

(B) prepared

(C) limited

(D) motivated

8. Why does the author mention "electric lighting" and "the telephone" in line 23?

(A) They contributed to the agricultural revolution

(B) They are examples of the conveniences of city life

(C) They were developed by the same individual.

(D) They were products of the Bessemer converter.

9. The word "them" in line 25 refers to

(A) urban areas

(B) ruralAmericans

(C) farms

(D) cities

10. The word "era" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

(A) period of time

(B) location

(C) action

(D) unique situation

11. The word "intriguing" in line 27 is closest in meaning to

(A) profitable

(B) attractive

(C) comfortable

(D) challenging

托福阅读答案：

DCADB CDBBA B

很多同学备考托福阅读考试，虽然我们也在备考，但是最后的成绩提升并不明显。那么究竟是什么原因阻碍了我们的备考效率呢?为大家整理了部分的内容，供大家参考。

1.使托福阅读技巧成为自己的

托福阅读在内容上降低了难度，但是题型却把难度增加了，所以阅读理解上根本就不需要过于担心，重点还是了解题型。

托福阅读有许多的题型，其中包含了图表题、篇章总结题(可以根据已经给出的选项里把能够概括文章内容的句子选择出来)、词汇题(在一定的上下文中)、指代关系题、简化句子题、插入文本题、事实信息题、推断题、修辞目的题、以及否定排除题等。

2.认真的思考同时还要锁定托福阅读答案

大多数考生在做题时通常是会有这样的情况出现，把两个选项排除，剩下两个可以随便选一个。此方法是能够提升蒙题的准确率，但若是把错误的答案选择了，就算是浪费了考试的宝贵时间。很多考生在做练习时，只要看到正确答案，便知道自己错在哪了，这就是很明显粗心的错误。

因此就算是多浪费半分钟，同样要认真的思考题目，拿到分数。有的题目枝干信息太多，但基本都是干扰项。根据应试的角度而言，通篇细读太费时间。正确的做法算得上是从选项中挖掘一下方向。若有几项答案有了自相矛盾，又或是意思明显相反，可以直接排除;而余下的即对模糊的选项进行确认，回到正文中细读相关信息确认后就很省力。一般情况下，排除法是比较容易培养的套路，答题快速且准确率较高。