托福写作素材积累及技巧
一、比尔盖茨人生定律
Life is not fair, get used to it.
生活是不公平的;要去适应它。
The world won"t care about your self-esteem. The world will expect you to accomplish something before you feel good about yourself.
这世界并不会在意你的自尊。这世界指望你在自我感觉良好之前先要有所成就。
You will not make 40 thousand dollars a year right out of high school. You won"t be a vice president with a car phone, until you earn both.
高中刚毕业你不会一年挣4万美元。你不会成为一个公司的副总裁，并拥有一部装有电话的汽车，直到你将此职位和汽车电话都挣到手。
If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss. He doesn"t have tenure.
如果你认为你的老师严厉，等你有了老板再这样想。老板可是没有任期限制的。
Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your grandparents had a different word for burger flipping; they called it opportunity.
烙牛肉饼并不有损你的尊严。你的祖父母对烙牛肉饼可有不同的定义;他们称它为机遇。
If you mess up, it"s not your parents" fault, so don"t whine about our mistakes, learn from them.
如果你陷入困境，那不是你父母的过错，所以不要尖声抱怨我们的错误，要从中吸取教训。
Before you were born, your parents weren"t as boring as they are now. They got that way from paying your bills, cleaning your clothes and listening to you talk about how cool you are. So before you save the rain forest from the parasites of your parents" generation, try "delousing" the closet in your own room.
在你出生之前，你的父母并非像他们现在这样乏味。他们变成今天这个样子是因为这些年来他们一直在为你付账单，给你洗衣服，听你大谈你是如何的酷。所以，如果你想消灭你父母那一辈中的"寄生虫"来拯救雨林的话，还是先去清除你房间衣柜里的虫子吧。
Your school may have done away with winners and losers, but life has not. In some schools they have abolished failing grades; they"ll give you as many times as you want to get the right answer. This doesn"t bear the slightest resemblance to anything in real life.
你的学校也许已经不再分优等生和劣等生，但生活却仍在作出类似区分。在某些学校已经废除不及格分;只要你想找到正确答案，学校就会给你无数的机会。这和现实生活中的任何事情没有一点相似之处。
Life is not divided into semesters. You don"t get summers off and very few employers are interested in helping you find yourself. Do that on your own time.
生活不分学期。你并没有暑假可以休息，也没有几位雇主乐于帮你发现自我。自己找时间做吧。
Television is NOT real life. In real life people actually have to leave the coffee shop and go to jobs.
电视并不是真实的生活。在现实生活中，人们实际上得离开咖啡屋去干自己的工作。
广告和传媒类托福写作方式
1.广告所造成的影响
正面影响
A. For customers, advertising plays an imperative part in making them aware of the worth of the product or service.
B. For business, advertising facilitates manufacturers in creating product awareness among the public.
C. Apart from commercial advertising, public service advertisement plays a vital and irreplaceable role in our society.
负面影响
A. Advertisements create stereotyped aesthetic and behavioral models that may influence people’s values early in their lives.
B. Too many advertisements are seen on TV screens and in newspapers or magazines.
C. Advertising has an overall adverse impact on children and young people. For example, children or young people often misunderstand advertising which in turn can lead to inappropriate behavior.
2.传媒
Times have not become more violent. They have just become more televised.
The Internet is like alcohol in some sense. It accentuates what you would do anyway. If you want to be a loner, you can be more alone. If you want to connect, it makes it easier to connect.
Do you think all the news is true?
Not all the news is true. Broadsheet newspapers sometimes dig for information and twist its importance for political purposes. And news in tabloids is more sensational and contains more half-truth and biased opinions. The problem is that people everywhere confuse what they read in newspapers with news.
3.广告
Advertising is the modern substitute for argument; its function is to make the worse appear the better.
Many a small thing has been made large by the right kind of advertising.
Advertising is a valuable economic factor because it is the cheapest way of selling goods, particularly if the goods are worthless.
托福写作素材积累技巧
1、思路
大家在参加的托福写作考试里，不能找到思路就是因为缺少平时的积累。思路是可以提前准备的。比如在读到关于旅处的好处的文章时，从中看到的relaxation、new experience、 lasting memory等都可以成为我们遇到和旅行相关话题托福写作题目时的思维扩展起点。一些高分的托福写作范文中我们也可以积累一些直接的分论点的写法，学会模仿表达。
2、模板
模板是很多考生在托福写作中要使用的。虽然托福写作模板不适合每一位考生，但是模板可以帮助考生写出结构清晰的内容。也能有效防止考生写不完。考生的模板可以通过高分托福写作范文取得，然后对模板进行优化，整合成自己的模板。
3、替换词
不难看出，有的高分托福写作范文里根本不会时常出现“help”“like”这类的简单词的，考生即使要用简单词，也要对同样的一个意思有不同的表达方式积累。比如important可以有crucial、considerable、significant等替换词。替换词需要考生在备考中积累，主要通过分析托福写作高分范文得到。词汇的使用不需要刻意追求高大上，但是要有变化。
4、语块
这里的语块指常用的一些表达，是由多个单词构成的一个完整含义。可以是短语、句型、成语、谚语等。托福写作素材中，这些地道的表达积累得越多，考生在写作中就能信手拈来，游刃有余。这可以避免一些考生词汇量很足但是不会表达。比如短语：with remarkable progress of …(随着…的显著提升);living standard(生活水平);an indispensable part(不可或缺的部分);be conductive to(有利于…);sustainable development of …(…的可持续发展)。还有句型it is…that…;…, which;there be…等。
