托福 词汇题的解题技巧
托福词汇题是托福阅读中最常见的题型,也是很多考生的得分阻碍。这里分享几点关于词汇题的做题技巧:1. 通过直接反义词来判断;2. 通过并列关系去判定;3. 通过解释词汇来判断。
1. 通过直接反义词来判断
托福阅读中有很多直接反义词,这些词的前或后出现的内容会是很明显的反义关系。大家如果不理解的话可以先看一个中文例子:小王是个____的人,相反她是一个内向的人。从后面的内向可以推出前面应该是个外向之类的词。所以我们要关注的就是类似例子中“相反”这样的直接反义词,英文里比较常见的有:
rather than, instead, unlike, contrast, on the contrary等等。
实例: The main conflict in the novel is between a mother who places a high value on hard work and honor and a son who repudiates his mother’s values instead preferring the easier path to fortune and celebrity
问题: the word repudiates in the passage in closest in meaning to __
A. refuses to accept B. lives up to C. tries to understand D. makes the best of
假如repudiates这个词大家不认识,那么完全可以从后面的小词instead这个词判定儿子和妈妈的价值观念是相反的,根据这一判断再看四个选项,你会发现只有A选项带有否定的意味,这道词汇题就轻松做出来了。
2. 通过并列关系去判定
托福阅读中表示并列关系的常用词汇有:
and, not only...but also, as…as, both, either...or..., neither...nor...等等。
实例:She embarked on her career by working as a newspaper reporter in Wisconsin and soon began writing novels.
问题: The phrase embarked on in this sentence is closest in meaning to
A. took a trip to B. started out on C. improved upon D. had a opinion about
我们可以从前后关系判定,首先我们看到一个词career职业生涯。我们在这句中看到关健词and其后出现soon began告诉我们前后方向是一致的,前面也必然和began有关,所以本题目的正确答案是B。
3. 通过解释词汇来判断
所谓解释词汇,也就是后面的句子或短语词汇来解释前面的词,常见的标志词有:
contribute to, be responsible for, account for, since, therefore, because, in which
实例:His big break came with the novel So big(1924) ,which was awarded the Pulitzer in literature.
问题: the word break in this sentence could best be replaced by ___
A. rupture B. revelation C. opportunity D. rest
which was awarded the Pulitzer in Literature告诉我们一定考查的是正态度,所以答案不可能是A或D,应该选C Opportunity,代表一种有利的状态或合适的时机。