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英语实意动词do的用法

英语动词do用法很多,非常容易混淆。那到底怎样区分呢?动词do在句中的作用可以概述为四句十二字:'做'实义,助动词,替前文,强语气。下面小编告诉你英语实意动词do的用法,大家一起来看看吧!
英语实意动词do的用法:
do作实义动词时,有do, does, did, done, doing五种形式,还有及物、不及物之分。如:
1, Vt.“做;研究;整理:完成”。如:
(1) The old man does an hour of sport every day.
(2)She did her homework at home last night.
(3)Mother was doing the cooking when I reached home.
(4)Have you done the exercises yet?
英语实意动词do的用法
2, vi.“行动:工作:足够”。如:
( 1)Kate does very well in her Chinese.
(2)What do you do?
(3)Well done!
(4)That will do.
英语助动词do 的用法:
构成一般疑问句
Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?
Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?
do + not 构成否定句
I do not want to be criticized.  我不想挨批评。
He doesn't like to study.  他不想学习。
In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
英语实意动词do的用法
构成否定祈使句
Don't go there. 不要去那里。
Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。
放在动词原形前
Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。
I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。
I do miss you. 我确实想你。
用于倒装句
Never did I hear of such a thing.  我从未听说过这样的事情。
Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
用作代动词
Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗?
Yes, I do. --是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)
He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?
他知道如何开车,对吧?
do 表示强调的用法:
(1) 句子中不能有其他的助动词。如:
Do be careful with that vase! 务必小心那个花瓶!
I always do arrive in time! 我总是及时到达的!
(2) 用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化,但其后的动词要用原形。如:
He does speak well! 他的确讲得很精彩。
He did come but soon went back. 他的确来过,但很快就回去了。
◆用于强调的do通常只用于现在时或过去式(即只有do, does, did这样的形式),不能用于进行时、完成时等形式(如不用于is doing, has done等)。
◆另外,do 还经常用于祈使句中表示强调。如:
(1) 表示强调的请求。如:
Do come with us. 请一定要和我们一起去。
Please! Do be quiet a moment! 求求你们! 安静一会儿!
(2) 表示委婉或客气。如:
Do try this fish. 请尝尝这鱼。
Do have another cup of coffee. 请再喝杯咖啡吧。
(3) 表示不耐烦。如:
Do stop talking! 别说啦!
(4) 希望说服对方。如:
Do help me with this maths problem. 务请帮我解答这道数学题。
代替动词的do是助动词还是实义动词:
▲用来替代动词的do是助动词,也可以说用作“代动词”,用来表示刚提到的动作,以避免重复。请看以下例句。
—Do you like Beijing? 你喜欢北京吗?
—Yes, I do. 是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing)
I always eat peas with honey. My wife never does. 我总是就着蜂蜜吃豌豆。我的妻子从来不这样吃。(does用作代动词,代替eat peas with honey)
▲但是要注意do so ,do it , do that这种结构,do不是助动词,而是实义动词,而且是及物动词。例如:
She hoped that he would search the room carefully and he did so. 她希望他仔细地检查房间,而他这样做了。
At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. 夜里当你正想入睡的时候,你却很少能成眠。
I could run after a bus and catch it twenty years ago, but I can’t do that now.
Mr Brown goes to the hospital for treatment every week: in face, he has been doing it ever since I have known him.布朗先生每周去医院治疗:事实上,自从我认识他依赖,他一直就是这样。
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