连系动词是表示不完全谓语关系的动词，用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质，特征或身份等。它与其后的表语一起构成谓语。下面小编告诉你英语连系动词的分类及用法，大家一起来看看吧!
英语连系动词的分类及用法：
一、连系动词的分类
连系动词根据其意义特点可分为以下几类：
(1) 表示状态的，如 be, seem，appear, keep, remain, stay, stand, lie, sit, continue等。
(2) 表示变化的, 如 become, get, turn, grow, go, come, fall, run 等。
(3)表示知觉的，如 look, feel, sound, smell, taste等。
(4) 表结果的，如 prove, turn out等。
二、连系动词的用法说明
连系动词后通常跟名词或形容词作表语;有时也可跟代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词、从句等。如：
Helen became an electronic engineer. 海伦成了一名电子工程师。(名词)
According to the weather report, the weather will continue fine till this weekend. 据天气预报,到本周末天气仍然很好。 (形容词)
This is not something that money can buy. 这可不是金钱能买到的。 (代词)
Alice was the first to arrive. 艾利斯第一个到。(数词)
He will be away for two months. 他将外出两个月。(副词)
That looks like an interesting film. 那看来是部有趣的电影。(介词短语)
The old man seems to have forgotten everything he learnt at school. 这们老人似乎把在学校里学的一切东西都忘光了。(不定式)
Their job was painting the boat. 他们的工作是油漆小船。(动名词)
Gone is the one who held me dearest in the world. 世界上最疼我的那个人去了。(过去分词)
Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比溜冰更使人兴奋。(现在分词)
That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。(从句)
注：副词通常不用作表语，少数能用作表语的副词主要仅于in, on, off, out, away, behind, up, down, over, through, around, round, below, inside, outside 等少数副词小品词以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词。
系动词可接哪些词语作表语：
1. 用名词作表语。如：
Translation is an art. 翻译是一种艺术。
Beijing is a beautiful city. 北京是一座美丽的城市。
2. 用形容词表作语。如：
Traveling is interesting but tiring. 旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
Every hour and every minute is important. 每一小时，每一分钟，都很宝贵。
3. 用代词作表语。如：
My idea is this. 我的想法是这样的。
Money isn’t everything. 金钱不是一切。
His latest play is nothing. 他最近出的那个剧本毫无价值。
4. 用数词作表语。如：
Tom is 14. 汤姆14岁。
Last check-in time is 20:15. 最后检票时间为20点15分。
The average of letters received each month is 3,000. 每月平均收到信件3,000封。
5. 用副词作表语。如：
The secret is out. 机密泄漏了。
Sales are down. 销售量下降了。
She is off on Saturday. 她星期六不工作。
6. 用介词短语作表语。如：
Dinner is at six. 6点钟开饭。
I hope he is on time. 我希望他准时。
Martha still is in hospital. 马撒还在医院里。
Diana was with the children. 戴安娜和孩子们在一起。
You look like your sister. 你模样像你姐姐。
7. 用不定式作表语。如：
His goal is to be a doctor. 他的目标是当医生。
My duty is to protect my sisters. 我的职责是保护我的妹妹们。
My advice to you is to speak the truth. 我对你的忠告是讲真话。
My dream is to travel around the world. 我的梦想是环游世界。
8. 用动名词作表语。如：
Her hobby is growing roses. 她的爱好是种植玫瑰。
His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。
My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
9. 用从句作表语。如：
That’s what we are here for. 我们来这里就为了这个。
The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That’s where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。
连系动词的重要搭配及用法：
(1) remain+ 名词 / 形容词 / 分词 / 介词短语等，如：
Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman. 彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。
He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his way. 他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。
Not so much remains to be done. 没剩多少事需要做。
(2) keep fit 身体健康 / keep silent 默不作声 / keep quiet 保持安静 / keep calm / cool保持冷静 / keep awake 保持清醒 / keep open 不关门 / keep fine 一直晴好，等。如：
He runs to keep fit. 他跑步为了保持健康。
—How are you keeping? 你身体怎样?
—I’m keeping well, thanks. 很好，谢谢。
(3) fall asleep入睡 / fall ill病倒 / fall silent 不作声 / fall lame变瘸 / fall due 到期 / fall short 缺乏，等。
(4) stay fine 保持晴朗，stay young 依然年轻，stay open 不关门，等。
(5) continue fine / cold / silent / angry / in office 仍然晴好 / 继续寒冷 / 保持沉默一直生气继续执政，等。
(6) run dry 变干，run short 不够，run wild 无约束或荒芜，run cold 变冷，等。
学习连系动词应注意的几个易错点：
1. 连系动词后通常可接形容词作表语，一般不接副词。如：
误：I felt very nervously when I went into his office. 当我走进他的办公室时,我感到很紧张。
正：I felt very nervous when I went into his office.
误：He was nicely to us. 他对我们很友好。
正：He was nice to us.
但是，少数表示地点或方位的副词如in, on, off, out, away, behind, up, down, over, through, around, round, below, inside, outside以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等常可跟在连系动词后作表语。如：
My husband won't be in until six o'clock.我丈夫要到六点钟才在家。
When we arrived the film was over. 当我们到达时，电影结束了。
The old lady was upstairs. 那位老妇人在楼上待过。
I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。
2. 连系动词后可接不定式作表语。
(1) 连系动词be后可接不定式作表语。如：
My dream is to become the best footballer in the town. 我的梦想是成为全城最好的足球队员。
A soldier’s duty is to obey orders. 军人以服从命令为天职。
If a man is to succeed, he must work as hard as he can. 一个人要想成功，必须尽可能地努力工作。
(2) seem, appear, prove, continue, get, grow, come, turn out等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是to be)作表语，如：
I still seem to hear the music. 我还觉得音乐好像在我耳边萦绕。
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证明是错的。
Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. 两个月的婴儿看来不象是不肯下水的。
The plan turned out to be a failure. 这项计划结果归于失败。
For years her love life continued to be one long tragic and comic novel. 多年来，她的爱情生活一直是一部既悲且喜的长篇小说。
She has a hot temper, but you will soon grow to like her. 她脾气躁，但不久你就会喜欢她了。
【注】若不定式为to be时，通常可以省略。如：
The drug proved (to be) highly effective. 这种药证明是非常有效的。
(3) 在表示知觉的连系动词 sound, smell, feel, taste, become等后通常不能接不定式。如：
误：They were all hungry and the food smelt to be good.
正：They were all hungry and the food smelt good. 他们都饿了，因而感到饭菜喷香。
误：This tea tastes to be sweet.
正：This tea tastes sweet. 这茶的味道很香。
(4) 少数连系动词后面接的从句可用不定式改写为简单句。如：
It seemed that the man was ill.
= The man seemed to be ill. 这个人好像病了。
It appears that she failed to follow our instructions. 看来她并没有照指示做。.
= She appears to have failed to follow our instructions.
与“英语连系动词的分类及用法”相关文章
赞（0）
12
12
分享：
