英语系动词用法小结

连系动词是一种表示词语关系的动词,其后必须接表语。下面是英语系动词用法小结,大家一起来看看吧!
英语系动词用法小结:
be和seem是两个常见的系动词,其后可接形容词、名词、代词、介词短语、方位副词、非谓语动词及从句作表语。seem表示某种有根据的判断,这种判断往往是接近或符合事实的。如:
Sorry, I’m busy now. (跟形容词)
I’m a Chinese student. (跟名词)
The bag is his. (跟代词)
My brother is at school. (跟介词短语)
Look. Li Ming is there. (跟副词)
My dream is to go to key university. (跟不定式)
英语系动词用法小结
My job is teaching English. (跟动词-ing形式)
What I want to say is that you should take good care of your own health. (跟从句)
The doctors seemed very capable. (跟形容词)
The driver seemed out of humour. (跟介词短语)
Mary seems an unusually clever girl. (跟名词)
连系动词的重要搭配及用法:
(1) remain+ 名词 / 形容词 / 分词 / 介词短语等,如:
Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman. 彼得当了法官,但约翰仍然是个渔民。
He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his way. 他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。
Not so much remains to be done. 没剩多少事需要做。
英语系动词用法小结
(2) keep fit 身体健康 / keep silent 默不作声 / keep quiet 保持安静 / keep calm / cool保持冷静 / keep awake 保持清醒 / keep open 不关门 / keep fine 一直晴好,等。如:
He runs to keep fit. 他跑步为了保持健康。
—How are you keeping? 你身体怎样?
—I’m keeping well, thanks. 很好,谢谢。
(3) fall asleep入睡 / fall ill病倒 / fall silent 不作声 / fall lame变瘸 / fall due 到期 / fall short 缺乏,等。
(4) stay fine 保持晴朗,stay young 依然年轻,stay open 不关门,等。
(5) continue fine / cold / silent / angry / in office 仍然晴好 / 继续寒冷 / 保持沉默一直生气继续执政,等。
(6) run dry 变干,run short 不够,run wild 无约束或荒芜,run cold 变冷,等。
英语连系动词用法要览:
一、连系动词基本用法
连系动词是表示不完全谓语关系的动词,它与其后的表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有be(是),become(成为),get(变成),remain(还是),seem(似乎是),look(看上去),feel(感觉)等。连系动词后的表语通常是名词和形容词,有时也可以是代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句等:
His English is excellent. 他的英语很棒。(跟形容词)
He is a famous poet. 他是著名诗人。(跟名词)
Money isn’t everything.金钱不是一切。(跟代词)
She was the first to arrive.她是第一个到达的人。(跟数词)
Who is upstairs? 谁在楼上?(跟副词)
He is with his friends. 他和朋友在一起。(跟介词短语)
He seems to be ill. 他似乎病了。(跟不定式)
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。(跟动名词)
This is what you need. 这就是你需要的。(跟从句)
二、学习连系动词应注意的两点
1. 关于连系动词后接副词作表语
连系动词后通常可接形容词作表语,一般不接副词:
误:His English is very well. 他的英语很好。(应将well改为good)
误:Be carefully. 小心点。(应将carefully改为careful)
误:The soup tastes nicely. 这汤味道不错。(应将nicely改为nice)
但是,有时连系动词后也可接副词作表语,不过这主要限于in, on, off, out, away, behind, up, down, over, through, around, round, below, inside, outside 等少数副词小品词以及here, there, upstairs, downstairs等少数表示地点或方位的副词:
Mother wasn’t in last night. 母亲昨晚不在家。
The meeting was over at five. 会议五点结束。
Come along. The taxi is outside. 来吧,出租车在外面。
Mother is downstairs waiting for you. 母亲在楼下等你。
2. 关于连系动词后接不定式
(1) 连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语:
My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。
All I could do was to wait. 我只能等。
My plan was to go from London to Paris. 我计划从伦敦去巴黎。
I was to have seen Mr Kay. 我本要去见凯先生的。
(2) seem, appear, prove, continue, turn out, get, grow, come 等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是to be)作表语:
She always seems to be sad. 她常常显得很忧伤。
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证明是错的。
She appears to have many friends. 他好像有很多朋友。
The weather turned out to be fine. 天气结果很好。
Circumstances continue to be favorable. 情况仍然是有利的。
He has grown to like studying English. 他渐渐喜欢学英语了。
【注】若所接不定式为to be,通常可以省略。不过,若其后接的是表语形容词,则to be通常不宜省略。另外,连系动词look后能否接to be似乎尚有争论,不过,在现代英语中接to be的现象已较普遍。
(3) sound, smell, feel, taste, become等连系动词后通常不能接不定式:
误:These oranges taste to be good. (应去掉to be)
误:The roses smell to be nice. (应去掉to be)
(4) 有的连系动词后接的从句可用不定式来改写:
It seems that she’s right. / She seems to be right. 她似乎是对的。
It appears that you have made a mistake. / You appear to have made a mistake. 似乎你弄错了。
连系动词的理解与用法:
一、连系动词的概念说明
你在汉语中听说过“连系动词”吗?没有!连系动词是很具英语特色的一类动词,简单地说,连系动词就是表示不完全谓语关系的动词——用于表明真正的谓语(即表语)在其后。连系动词有一定的词义,但不完整。不能单独作谓语,必须和表语连用,构成系表结构,也叫做复合谓语。常用的系动词有:be(是), become(变得), turn(变得),seem(似乎),grow(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到、摸起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来), remain(仍是),get(变、是),appear(显得),go(变得),come(变成),stay(保持)等。如:
The children are very happy. 孩子们很快乐。
She seems angry. 她似乎很生气。
Our dream has come true. 我们的梦想实现了。
We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长,我们也变得聪明些了。
二、连系动词的语法特点
英语中所有的连系动词都是不及物的,所以所有连系动词都不能用于被动语态,即使有时在汉语中有被动意味也是如此。如:
他的解释听起来很有道理。
误:His explanation is sounded reasonable.
正:His explanation sounds reasonable.
从汉语来看,“他的解释”自己不能“听”,应该是“被听”才对,所以上面的误句据此用了被动语态。但是,由于sound在此是连系动词,它不能用于被动语态。其实,sound在此的意思不是“听”,而是“听起来”,或者说是“被听起来”。
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