主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。下面小编告诉你英语动词用法主谓一致，大家一起来看看吧!
英语动词用法主谓一致：
1、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
2、 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2)当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
3、 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
4、 谓语需用单数
1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3) 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
5、 指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All is right. (一切顺利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)
2) 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。
His family isn´t very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
6、 与后接名词或代词保持一致
1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。
Most of his money is spent on books.
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
2) 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。
集合名词作主语时的主谓一致用法：
1. 只表示复数意义的集合名词：police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口)等集合名词，总是表示复数意义，用作主语时，其谓语要用复数。如：
People are not interested in such things.人们对那样的事不感兴趣。
The cattle are in the shed. 牛在栏内。
The police are watching this man’s movements very carefully. 警察正在密切监视这个男人的活动。
2. 只表示单数意义的集合名词：clothing(衣服)，poetry(诗歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)， furniture(家具)，machinery(机械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠宝)，equipment(设备)等集合名词通常只用作不可数名词，只表示单数意义，用作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Ragged clothing infers poverty. 衣衫褴褛意味着贫困。
Some furniture is made of bamboo. 有些家具是竹制的。
All their baggage was stolen. 他们所有的行李都被偷了。
3. 需根据情况来确定单复数意义的集合名词：family(家庭)，team(队，队员)，class(班，班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘务员)，committee(委员会)，audience(听众)，public(公众)等集合名词，当它们表示整体意义时，表单数意义，当它们强调个体意义时，表示复数意义。如：
His family isn’t very large. 他家成员不多。
His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。
The team is the best in the league. 这个队在联赛中打得最好。
The football team are having baths. 足球队队员们在洗澡。
注：有时没有特定的语境，用单复数谓语均可以。如：
The public is the best judge. / The public are the best judges. 公众是最好的判断者。
The family was [were] too poor to make many acquaintances. 这家人太穷，不能结识很多人。
当并列结构作主语时主谓一致的用法：
1. 由and和both...and连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语动词通常要用复数。如：
Christianity and Islam are two different religions. 基督教与伊斯兰教是两种不同宗教。
Both handle and bolt are automatically deadlocked against turning. 把手和插梢都自动锁死不能转动的。
注：当由and连接的两个并列主语受each, every, no的修饰时，谓语用单数。如：
Every boy and (every) girl likes the book. 每个男孩女孩都喜欢这本书。
No desk and (no) chair was seen in the room. 房间里不见桌椅。
2. 由or, nor, either...or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but等连接的并列成作主语时，谓语动词通常与最靠近的主语保持一致(即遵循就近原则)。如：
He or I am wrong. 不是他错了，就是我错了。
Either you or he has taken it. 不是你拿了就是他拿了。
Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go. 不仅学生想去，老师也想去。
注意这类句型的疑问句形式：
Were you or he there? 当时是你还是他在那儿?
Are either you or he to blame? 是怪你还是怪他?
注：在非正式文体中，个别结构(如neither…nor)连接主语时，谓语可用复数。如：
Neither his father nor his mother have [has] come. 他的爸爸和妈妈都没来。
3. 由as well as, as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与前面一个主语保持一致。如：
The teacher as well as the students has read it 不仅学生读过它，老师也读过。
The teacher rather than the students is to blame. 应受责备的是老师而不是学生。
英语主谓一致考点归纳：
考点1 考查主谓一致的基本用法
有些主谓一致考题直接考查考生对主谓一致的三个原则的理解与运用。
【考例】—There ________ a pair of shoes under the bed.
—The shoes ________ mine.(兰州中考题)
A. is, are B. is, is C. are, is D. are, are
答案选A。There be 句型中be动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，由于a pair of shoes为单数，故谓语用is;第二空前的主语是the shoes，为复数形式，故谓语应用are。
考点2 考查不可数名词作主语时动词的数
不可数名词作主语，其后的谓语总是用复数。但是，有些不可数名词由于带有-s词尾，很可能会被误认为是复数名词，从而导致出错。考生做题时要特别注意。如：
No news is good news. 没有消息是好消息。(谚语)
Maths is my favourite subject. 数学是我最喜欢的课程。
Christmas is a holiday for everybody. 圣诞节对大家都是一个节日。
Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
【考例】The news ________ very interesting! Tell me more! (河北中考题)
A. is B. are C. were D. was
【分析】答案选A。news虽然以-s结尾，但它是一个不可数名词，故只能表示单数意义，用作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
考点3 考查与there be句式中动词be的数
在there be句式中，动词be用单数还是复数，取决于其后名词是单数还是复数。注意，如果there be后面接有几个并列的主语，则通常与靠近的主语保持一致。如：
There are some girls in the room. 房间里有几个女孩。
There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
另外，注意不要混淆there be与have的区别：前者指某处存在有某人或某物，后者指拥有或具有某物。尤其要注意的是，不能将两者混在一起使用，如不能说there have。如：
沿着河岸都种有树。
误：There have trees all along the river banks.
正：There are trees all along the river banks.
但是，下面一句是正确的，因为其中的there have been为there be的现在完成时形式：
There have been many such accidents. 已发生了好几起那样的事故。(HM)
【考例1】There ________ many students in the library after school every day. (北京中考题)
A. has B. have C. is D. are
【分析】答案选D。由于many students(许多学生)，表复数意义，故谓语动词用复数。注意不能选B，因为表示“有”的there be不能说成there have。
【考例2】Good news! There ________ fewer people catching this kind of illness now. (陕西绥德中考题)
A. are B. is C. was D. were
【分析】答案选B。由于people表示“人”“人们”时，永远表复数意义，故谓语动词用复数。
考点4 考查一段时间等作主语的情况
当用作主语的是“一段时间”“一段距离”“一笔钱”等时，通常将其视为“一个整体数量”，此时其后的谓语动词通常用单数。如：
Twenty years is a long time. 20年是很长的时间。
Ten dollars is all I have left. 我只剩下10美元。
A hundred miles is a long distance. 100英里是一段很长的距离。
【考例】Three hours ________ quite a long time for the students to play computer games every day.(兰州中考题)
A. is B. were C. was D. are
答案选A。时间名词做主语，通常将其视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式;又根据后面的every day可知应用一般现在时，故选A。
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