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五年级英语助动词的用法

助动词就是协助主要动词构成谓语的动词。助动词本身没有词义,不可单独作谓语,只能和别的动词一起构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等,或表示疑问或否定。下面小编告诉你五年级英语助动词的用法,大家一起来看看吧!
五年级英语助动词的用法:
常用的助动词有be, do, does, did, have, has, shall, will, would等。如:
He doesn’t like English. 他不喜欢英语。(doesn’t是助动词,本身无词义,只是协助主要动作like表示否定含义)
协助主要动词完成以下功用:
(1) 表示时态
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has arrived. 他已经到了。
(2) 表示语态
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
(3) 构成疑问句
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
(4) 构成否定句:与not合用构成否定。如:
I don’t like him. 我不喜欢他。
(5) 加强语气
I do love you. 我真的喜欢你。
五年级英语助动词的用法
(6) 构成倒装句
Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
(7) 用作代动词
He works hard than you do. 他比你工作努力些。(do代替work)
英语助动词的用法:
只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:
1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及"主谓一致"原则。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为"三单"时,要使用does;当主语为"非三单"时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句:
Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
五年级英语助动词的用法
3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
英语一般疑问句为何要将助动词放在句首:
1,约定俗成的因素。从古至今语言演变,形成的规则已经被大家接受。
2,助动词放在句首也可以消除误解。假设我们不把助动词放句首,直接把动词放句首,可能会产生歧义。比如love you me?你能判断出来到底是啥意思呢?你或许会认为是“爱你,我?”。此时只有变成do you love me才能确定说啥意思。
3,英语动词变化相对很多语言来说比较简单(比如法语的动词变化很多),动词本身无法完成疑问,感叹等等不同需要,此时就借助助动词来表示疑问,感叹句式来表示感叹了。
英语助动词【be】【do】【have】详解:
概要介绍:
do:用于一般时态(simple tenses)
be:用于进行时态(continuous tenses)
have:用于完成时态(perfect tenses)
一定要记好上述助动词各自的用途,它是英语语法中的黄金法则。
【be】【do】【have】作主动词:
【be】【do】【have】也可以作为主动词使用,不要与它作用助动词时混淆了。
如:
She didn't do it. 她没有做。
He is being annoying. 他真烦人。
I have had six. 我有6个。
助动词要去主语匹配:
如:
He is playing. 他在玩耍。
I am playing. 我在玩耍。
They are playing. 他们在玩耍。
助动词作用:
在肯定句中,助动词只是功能性的,没有具体的含义,因此可以缩写,发音上也可以简化。如:
I'm playing with my friends. 我正在和朋友一起玩。
He's taking his time. 他正在忙。
I've bought you some fruit. 我给你买了些水果。
在否定句中,一般与not连接缩写。
He didn't like it. 他不喜欢它。
do:
do / dose:现在时
did:过去时
do:+will / going to 用于将来时
例:
We do(一般要省略,不省略有强调的意思) eat meet on Fridays.
They don't want to go.
He doesn't eat meat.
Did you like it?
Doesn't Mike know about it?
I will do it later.
be:
am / are / is:现在进行时
was / were:过去进行时
be:用于将来时
注意:主动词用ing形式。
例:
We are following your brother.
I am trying to call him now.
It isn't raining now.
Is she bringing her friend?
Aren't we taking Mike?
He will be presenting at 6pm.
Will you be going to work today?
除了以上讲的以外,be还经常用于被动式:
I was given five minutes to finish.
have:
have / has:现在完成时
had:过去完成时
have:+will / going to 用于将来时
注意:主动词用过去分词形式。
例:
Mike has taken the car.
We have tried it many times.
He hasn't arrived yet.
Have the brought the umbrella?
We have been waiting for hours.
He will have finished by 5pm.
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