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英语动词的特殊用法

基本上每个完整的句子都有一个动词,要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。下面小编告诉你英语动词的特殊用法,大家一起来看看吧!
英语动词的特殊用法:
1.一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time等时间状语。
He usually gets up at 7 o’clock every morning.
特殊用法一
在时间、条件和让步状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:
时间:when, before, until (till), after, as soon as, once, the moment/ the minute, the day;
条件:if, unless, even if, provided;
让步:no matter what/ who/ which/ when/ where/ how或 whatever, whoever, whichever, wherever/ however
— Do you have any problems if you are offered this job?
Well, I’m thinking about the salary….
No matter what you say, I’ll never believe you.
特殊用法二
表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:
I learned that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
特殊用法三
有些表示位置移动的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等,其一般现在时可表示按计划、安排将来要发生的动作或状态。
My train leaves at 11 o’clock in the morning, so there is still half an hour to go.
特殊用法四
在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+宾语从句,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Can you see to it that the letter goes this afternoon?
特殊用法四
在the more…the more…(越……越……)句型中,若主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you work, the better results you will get.
英语动词的特殊用法
2.现在进行时
表示说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
特殊用法一
现在进行时与频率副词always, constantly, continually, again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞扬、厌烦、责备、埋怨等),以加强语气。
He is constantly making the same mistake.(责备)
The students in class one are always working hard.(赞扬)
特殊用法二
在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。
Don’t ring me up when I am working in my lab this time torrow.
特殊用法三
表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。常用动词有:come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, take off, set off等。
Ladies and gentlemen, the flight is taking off. Please be seated and fasten your safety belt.
shake用于“握手”与“摇头”的用法注意:
1. 表示“握手”时,通常用 shake hands (with),或用 shake one’s hand。如:
He shook hands with all of us. 他和我们一一握手。
Do people in Italy shake hands when they meet? 在意大利,人们见面时握手吗?
A stranger walked up to me and shook my hand. 有个陌生人向我走来跟我握手。
有时也说shake sb by the hand。如:
He came forward and shook me warmly by the hand. 他走向前来,热情地和我握手。
有时shake用作不及物动词,也可表示“握手”。如:
We’re agreed so let’s shake on it. 咱们意见一致了,握握手吧。
2. 汉语说“摇头”“挥动拳头”等,译成相应的英语时不要受汉语习惯影响漏掉必用的物主代词。如:
他听到这事时,笑了笑,摇了摇头。
误:When he heard this, he smiled and shook head.
正:When he heard this, he smiled and shook his head.
enter后面能不能接介词into的问题:
1. 在下列情况,其后通常不接介词 into:
(1) 表示进入某一具体的东西时:
The train entered the tunnel. 火车进入隧道。
She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。
The bullet entered his head. 子弹射入他的头部。
(2) 表示进入某一组织或某一机构时:
He entered the army last year. 他去年参军了。
Then he entered a famous university. 后来他进了一所品牌大学。
英语动词的特殊用法
(3) 表示报名参加考试(比赛等)时:
All his friends entered the examination (race). 他所有的朋友都报名参加了考试(比赛)。
She not only entered the competition she actually won it! 她不但参加了竞赛——而且居然获胜了!
Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize. 尽管他参加这次竞赛只不过是闹着玩儿而已,却赢得了头奖。
2. 下列情况,enter 后通常接介词 into:
(1) 开始(做某事)
I dared not enter into conversation with him. 我未敢与他交谈。
He entered into business at the age of 25. 他25岁时开始经商。
(2) (开始)讨论,研究,处理
Let’s enter into the subject of taxes. 咱们来讨论一下税款问题。
We need not enter into details. 我们不必讨论(研究、处理)细节。
(3) 积极参加,参与,投入
He entered into our plans with terrific zest. 他满腔热情地参加了我们的项目。
The party was successful because everyone entered into the spirit of the thing. 这次聚会因大家积极参与所以很成功。
(4) 达成(协议),缔结(条约)
We entered into a solemn bond. 我们缔结了一项正式协定。
You shouldn’t enter into contract until you have studied its provisions carefully. 你应该先仔细研究合同的条款,然后再签订。
(5) (不用于被动语态)形成某事物的一部分:
This possibility never entered into our calculations. 我们从未考虑过有这种可能性。
Flour has largely entered into their diet. 面料已成为他们的主食之一。
(6) 懂得,领略,体会,理解:
He didn’t enter into her mood. 他不体谅她的心情。
I can enter into your feelings at the loss of your wife. 我能理解你失去妻子后的心情。
(7) 表示进入某具体东西且强调深入其内时(若不强调则可不用):
The arrow entered into his head. 箭射进了他的头。
We entered into a woody mountain. 我们进入了一片山林里。
encourage后接不定式还是动名词作宾语:
表示鼓励某人做某事,encourage 通常后接不定式的复合结构作宾语。如:
She encouraged me to try again. 她鼓励我再试一遍。
He encouraged me to apply for the job. 他鼓励我申请干这项工作。
在较正式的表达中,有时可接动名词作宾语(通常带有逻辑主语)。如:
He encouraged their living in their dormitory. 他鼓励他们住在他们的宿舍里。
句中的their living为较正式的用法,口语中多用them to live。
另外,若表示在某一方面鼓励或支持某人,通常是用 encourage sb in sth。如:
The boss encouraged me in my work. 老板鼓励我努力工作。
有时表示助长某人的不良习气等。如:
Don’t encourage him in his idleness. 不要助长他的惰性。
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