物价上涨用英文怎么说

物价上涨问题首先是全球性的，全球经济处于平稳发展状况，相关指标当然稳步上升，包括物价；其次是全国性的，中国经济处于全球经济范畴，而且二十多年的平稳快速增长，物价每年都有波动及上扬。目前来讲，这种物价上涨还是正常的，而国家及政府也在不断地进行调控以求经济能持续稳步发展下去。导致物价上涨的三个原因为：国际市场粮食、石油等价格的带动；生产成本的带动；供求结构的失衡。那么，物价上涨用英文怎么说呢？

What is price inflation

什么是物价上涨

China’s creeping CPI inflation will continue to be a major concern in the market in the first half of 2011.The headline CPI is expected to remain stubbornly high at 4.5 percent year-on-year (YoY) in the first half of this year, primarily due to the carryover effect (base effect) accounting for two-thirds of the recent CPI hike, with the remaining third due to a new price driving force, ie, actual price increases―items which are gaining momentum on a month-on-month (MoM) basis.

The CPI is expected to trend downward in 2011, however, posting a 4.5 percent reading in the first half and a 3.6 percent reading in the second half. Excluding the impact of the carryover effect, the new price driving force will remain strong.

An examination and analysis of the country’s CPI movements over the past four years has led to the following summarization:

Recent CPI inflation has been mainly a function of rising food prices. By setting the comparable base at 100 for December, 2006, the nation’s CPI increased by 14.9 percent over the past four years (4.5 percent YoY in December, 2010 according to CCBI’s forecast). This was largely driven by a 40.8 percent hike in food CPI over the same period. Non-food CPI has remained fairly stable, rising only by 3.2 percent over the past four years.

Food price inflation has been driven by both increasing demand and falling production. CCBI’s analysis reveals that food price inflation has been positively correlated with average disposable income growth and industrial output growth but negatively correlated with grain production.

Given the physical constraint on land resources and planting, the country’s food price inflation is expected to become a permanent fixture of the economic landscape.

PPI (producer price index) hikes have largely outstripped non-food CPI hikes in the past four years. Again, using the comparable base of 100 for December 2006, the analysis finds that the country’s PPI has increased by a total of 14.3 percent (versus non-food CPI increasing by 3.2 percent) in the past four years, implying that: productivity improvements have partly digested cost inflation in many manufacturing sectors; some manufacturing sectors have little ability to pass cost inflation on to consumers; service prices have remained quite stable.

Monetary policy will target long-term price stability over short-term movements in CPI. The analysis indicates the nation’s policymakers have begun to factor core CPI (non-food and deducting energy prices) movements into their inflation assessments. The policymakers will likely adopt more administrative price controls while improving agricultural productivity in an effort to curb food price inflation.

物价指数(Price Index)亦称商品价格指数(commodity price index，简称CPI)是反映各个时期商品价格水准变动情况的指数。物价指数是一个与某一特定日期一定组合的商品或劳务有关的价格计量。当该商品或劳务的价格发生了变化，其价格指数也随之变化。编制物价指数的目的，是为国家分析物价变动(price change)对国民经济(national economy)与人民生活的影响，从而制定有关物价宏观调控政策(macro-control policy)，为加强物价管理提供依据。同时，也为企业做出相应的经济决策提供依据。

物价指数计算的基本方法，是以计算期(calculation period)各种商品的价格(commodity price)乘以计算期各种商品的销售量(quantity of sale)，再除以基期(base period)各种商品的价格乘以基期各种商品的销售量。