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英语里常用的动词用法

动词,一般就是用来表示动作或状态的词汇。基本上每个完整的句子都有一个动词,下面小编告诉你英语里常用的动词用法,大家一起来看看吧!
英语里常用的动词用法:
1. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
2. pay …for…costspend…on…..it take …to do sth.
3. It's best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的
had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化,better后接动词原形)
4. It's time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
5. keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考)keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)keep sb./ sth. +adj.
keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)
6. learn to do sth. 学做某事learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习
7. like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
8. need to do sth.need doing sth./to be doneneed sth .needn't do sth.
9. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……
e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来,我更爱读书。
prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事
10. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……
英语里常用的动词用法
11. remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记做某事remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事
12. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 (结果)
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)
be seen to do sth. 做某事被看见
13. something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 (词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)
e.g: I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。
14. spend some time (in)doing sth. /on sth. 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)
spend some money on sth./ doing sth. 买……花了多少钱
15. Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do. 做好某事很难/容易
16. stop to do sth. 停下来去某事(两件事) (常考)
stop doing sth. 停止做某事(一件事) (常考)
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)
17. take turns to do sth. 轮流做……
18. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事be told to do sth. 被告知不要做某事
19. There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事
20. There is no time (for sb.) to do sth.
have no time to do sth. 没时间做某事
understand 的常用句式搭配:
1. 表示“明白”、“理解”,其后可接动名词(可带逻辑主语),但通常不接不定式。如:
那样对待孩子,我不能理解。
正:I can’t understand treating children like that.
误:I can’t understand to treat children like that.
有时可接从句。比较:
你需要换一换环境,这一点我完全理解。
正:I quite understand that you need a change.
正:I quite understand your needing a change.
我不明白他为什么抢劫自己的朋友。
正:I can’t understand why he robbed his friend.
正:I can’t understand his robbing his friend.
英语里常用的动词用法
2. 表示“听说”、“得知”、“推断”等,可接不定式的复合结构或从句等。比较:
我听说他在巴黎。
正:I understand him to be in Paris.
正:I understand that he is in Paris.
我认为他愿意来。
正:I understand him to say that he would come.
正:I understand him as saying that he would come. (www.yygrammar.com)
注:在简略回答中可用 so 代替前面已出现的 that 从句。如:
A:They are going to get married. 他们要结婚了。
B: I understand so. / So I understand. 听说如此。
3. 用于 make oneself understood, 意为“清楚地表达自己的意思”,注意这里必须用反身代词,同时 understand 要用过去分词形式,而不能用原形。如:
I can’t make myself understood in English. 我不能用英语表达自己的意思。
happen的语法特点及句型搭配:
1. 表示“发生”,是不及物动词,因此既不能带宾语,也不能用于被动语态。如:
事故是怎样发生的?
误:How was the accident happened?
正:How did the accident happen?
2. 表示某事发生某人身上,其后接介词 to。如:
Nobody will ever know what happened to her. 谁都不会知道她出了什么事。
She hoped nothing bad would happen to him. 她希望不会有坏事发生在他头上。
3. 表示“碰巧”,也是不及物动词,比较以下同义句型:
我昨天偶然在公园里看到她。
I happened to see her in the park yesterday.
=It (so) happened that I saw her in the park yesterday.
4. 后接介词 on / upon,表示“巧遇”“偶然发现”。如:
I happened upon her in the street the other day. 几天前我在街上碰巧遇见了她。
He happened on the book in the bookstore. 他在书店偶然发现了这本书。
5. 用于as it happens,意为“偶然”“碰巧”。如:
As it happens, I have left the book at home. 我碰巧把书忘在家里了。
We met her only yesterday, as it happens. 我们只是在昨天才与她偶然相遇。
exist的语法特点和句式搭配:
一、语法特点
表示“存在”“有”“活着”,通常只用作不及物动词,因此没有被动语态,且通常不用于进行时。如:
Problems also exist in agriculture. 农业中也存在问题。
No such a person ever existed. 过去从来没有过这样的人。
二、句式搭配
1. 可与 there 连用构成 There exist…句式。如:
There existed different opinions on this problem. 对这个问题曾有不同看法。
There always exists a force of attraction between two bodies. 两个物体之间永远存在着吸引力。
2. 表示“靠……生活”,其后通常接介词 on。如:
He exists on rice and water. 他靠吃米饭和喝水过活。
I can hardly exist on the wage I’m getting. 我挣的工资简直难以糊口。
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