系动词英语中的用法

连系动词是一种表示词语关系的动词,其后必须接表语。下面小编告诉你系动词英语中的用法,大家一起来看看吧!
系动词英语中的用法:
(1) 表感觉的系动词
① look 形容词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 / 名词 / as if / as though 从句,意为“看起来……”。强调从视觉上得出的印象。
② smell 形容词 / 介词短语 / 副词,意为“闻起来……”。
③ sound 形容词 / 名词 / 介词短语,意为“听起来……”。
④ taste 形容词 / 介词短语,意为“尝起来……”。
⑤ feel 形容词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语 / as if / as though从句,意为“感觉……;摸起来……”。
如:The flowers smell sweet.
He looks like a teacher.
The silk feels very soft.
系动词英语中的用法
(2) 表状态的系动词
① appear 形容词 / 过去分词 / 名词 / that从句,意为“显得……;似乎……”。表示从外表或表面看上去“好像,似乎”,有时暗含“事实上并非如此”的意思。
② keep 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语,意为“保持……的状态”。
③ remain 形容词 / 名词 / 过去分词 / 动词-ing形式 / 介词短语,意为“继续(处于某种状态)”。
④ stay 形容词 / 过去分词 / 介词短语,意为“保持(某种状态)”。
⑤ prove 形容词 / 名词 / 介词短语,意为“事实证明……”。
如:
He appeared calm, but his heart was beating wildly with fear.
Please try to keep out of the way.
She remained standing for an hour.
They are not likely to stay in power after the election.
It might prove the best plan.
(3) 表变化的系动词
① get 形容词 / 过去分词 / 动词-ing形式 / 名词 / 介词短语,意为“变成;变得……起来”。
② fall 少数形容词(如asleep, ill, sick, silent等) / 名词,意为“进入(某种状态);成为”。
③ grow 形容词 / 过去分词,意为“渐渐变得……起来”,强调其变化过程。
④ turn 形容词 / 名词,意为“变得……;变成……”。
⑤ go 形容词(dead, bad, blind, wrong, sour, hungry, red, rotten等),意为“变成(某种由好到坏的情况);变得……”。
⑥ become 形容词 / 名词 / 过去分词,意为“变成;成为……(好坏情况均可)”。
⑦ come 形容词(right, clear, true等) / 名词 / 前缀为un-的过去分词,意为“变成为……”,常表示向好的方面转化。
⑧ run 形容词,意为“变成(什么样子)”。
如:
The days are getting longer and longer.
The old man, unable to express himself, fell silent.
It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine.
He has turned teacher. = He has become a teacher. 注意:系动词turn后表示身份或职务名称的名词前多不用冠词。
(4)有些系动词既有系动词的功能,又保留实义动词本身的含义。如:rise, stand, blow, wear等,后面一般多接形容词。如:
She stopped and stood quite still.
The window blew open.
The material has worn thin.
系动词seem的用法与搭配:
1. 用作连系动词,表示“似乎”“好像”,其后用作表语的可以是名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、分词等。如:
He seems quite happy. 他看来很快活。
That seems not a bad idea. 这似乎是一个不坏的主意。
You seem out of temper today. 你今天情绪似乎不大好。
His first memories seemed connected with work. 他最早的记忆似乎和工作有关。
后接不定式时,不定式根据情况可以是一般式,也可以是进行式或完成式等。如:
She seems to be crying. 她好像在哭。
He didn’t seem to have changed much. 他似乎没多大变化。
注意:seem 后可接不定式,但通常不接动名词。
系动词英语中的用法
2. 在 it seems 后可接 as if 从句或 that 从句。如:
It seems that he is living in the area. 他似乎就住在这一带。
It seems as if everybody knew except me. 好像除我之外其他人都知道了。
后接 that 从句时,有时可用 so, not 代之。如:
A:Does he know her? 他认识她吗?
B:It seems so (not). 好像是认识(不认识)。
3. 用作seem like,其中的like通常为介词,其后接名词或代词。如:
It seems like yesterday. 这仿佛是昨天发生的事。
It seems like the answer to my problem. 它似乎是我问题的答案。
但在非正式文体中,也可后接句子。如:
It seems like the year flies by. 一年好像飞逝般过去。
It seems like their marriage is over. 看起来他们的婚姻结束了。
4. 有时还可用于 there seems (to be)。如:
There seems (to be) something wrong with it. 好像有什么问题。
There seems to be a mistake in these figures. 这些数字中好像有个错误。
5. 比较以下同义句型:
It seems that he has a lot of money.=He seems to have a lot of money. 他似乎很有钱。
make 用作连系动词的用法:
make 用作连系动词,主要用法如下:
1. 表示“成为;变为;适合;胜任”等,主要指因为有某必需的特点而成为或适合于……,其后只能接名词作表语,不接形容词。如:
I’m sure you’ll make a good soldier. 我相信你会成为一名好军人。
The hall will make a good theatre. 这礼堂适合演戏。
This coat will make a good present for my mother. 这件外套是给我母亲的一件好礼物。
She would have made an excellent teacher. 她本可以成为杰出的教师。
That will make a good ending to the book. 那就成了这本书很好的结尾。
2. 表示“形成,组成”,主要指人或事物按某种方式形成某种图形或样式,其后也只能接名词作表语,不接形容词。如:
Let’s make a circle. 我们来围成一个圈。
A group of people made a circle around the Pentagon. 一群人在五角大楼四周围成一圈。
Those seven bright stars make the shape of a saucepan. 那七颗明亮的星星构成一个长柄锅的形状。
3. 表示“等于;合计为”, 其后也只能接名词作表语,不接形容词。如:
Two and two make four. 2加2得4。
12 and 12 make 24. 12加12等于24。
A hundred pence make one pound. 100便士为1镑。
There are nine people coming, plus me, which makes ten. 九个人要来,加上我总共十个人。
Today’s earthquake makes five since the beginning of the year. 今天的地震是今年以来的第五次。
有时还可在宾语后再接名词。如:
I’ve got 29 different teapots in my collection - if I buy this one that’ll make it 30. 我已经收集了29个各式各样的茶壶——如果买下这个,就有30个了。
系动词run的用法:
run用作连系动词只限于和少数形容词搭配。如:
■run cold
My blood ran cold. 我的血都凉了。
The sight of the dead body made his blood run cold. 他看见尸体不禁毛骨悚然。
The water ran cold when I turned the tap on. 我把水龙头打开,水就凉了。
■run dry
The well ran dry. 这口井干枯了。
The little pond ran dry. 那座小池塘干涸了。
The River Wey ran dry during the recent drought. 近来天气干旱,韦河干涸了。
■run high
Feelings against him ran high反对他的情绪高涨。
Feeling over the dismissal ran high. 对解雇事件群情鼎沸。
Passions ran high as the election approached. 选举日期临近,人们情绪很高涨。
■run loose
The lion has run loose. 狮子从笼子里跑出来了。
■run low
The petrol’s running low. 汽油快用完了。
We’re running low on petrol. 我们的汽油不多了。
Our supplies are running low. 我们的供应品不多了。
■run riot
The crowd ran riot in the streets. 群众在街上乱跑。
Football hooligans ran riot through the town. 闹事的足球迷在城里胡作非为。
Inflation is running riot and prices are out of control. 通货极度膨胀,物价失去控制。
■run short
I have run short of money. 我缺钱。
Go and get some more oil so we don’t run short. 去多弄些油来以免到时候用光了。
I’m late for work every day and I’m running short of excuses. 我每天迟到,现在找不到什么藉口了。
■run small
These shirts run small. 这些衬衫小了。
■run strong
The tide was running strong. 潮水上涨了。
■run wild
The violets are running wild in the flower bed. 紫罗兰在花圃里乱长。
Those boys have been allowed to run wild. 那些男孩子无人管教肆无忌惮。
■有时跟副词或介词短语:
My contract runs out in September. 我的合同九月份到期。
Our supplies soon ran out. 我们的供应品很快用完。
The truck’s run out of gas again. 卡车又没有汽油了。
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